Redai dili (Oct 2022)
Spatial Correlation Between Urban Nighttime Light and Nighttime Robbery, Snatching, and Theft Crimes from the Perspective of Functional Areas: A Case Study of H City
Abstract
With accelerated urbanization, urban nighttime crimes—especially robbery, snatching, and theft—have received increasing attention from scholars as the highest incidence of local criminal crimes. Related studies have pointed out that the phenomenon of nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft crimes in most cities show the characteristics of spatial clustering, which is similar to the distribution characteristics of urban nighttime lights. Simultaneously, the correlation between urban lighting and nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft varies in different functional areas. Recently, the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Satellite(NPP-VIIRS) nighttime light remote sensing data have greatly improved the accuracy of nighttime light remote sensing, providing a more accurate basis for the study of urban nighttime social behavior. The quantitative identification method of urban functional areas based on POI and programming languages has been gradually improved, as well. In view of this, a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model was constructed based on the 110 police data from October to November 2017 in H city. The correlation between urban lights and robbery, snatching, and theft crimes at night was explored from the perspective of the main urban area as a whole and different functional areas. According to the model, (1) from the perspective of the main urban area, nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft crimes in H city form a fixed crime hotspot of "one main and one vice," and the correlation between lights and nighttime crimes varies spatially. The results further confirm that the correlation between urban nighttime light and nighttime crime varies according to the nature of urban functions. (2) Both single and mixed sites show clustering characteristics on global Moran's Ι, indicating that the correlation between urban nighttime light and nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft crimes is real. (3) The results show that urban night light and nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft crimes show obvious spatial correlations in commercial and business facilities, and such correlations show large spatial differences, with high-high clusters distributed in the central area of the city and low-low clusters in the peripheral area; urban night light and nighttime robbery, snatching, and theft crimes in residential facilities show north-south differences. Road, street, and transportation facilities are characterized by high crime rates inside public transportation and high mobility, which may lead to discrepancies between the location of the alarm and the actual crime location, ultimately making the results less credible. The correlation between urban night-light and robbery, snatching, and theft crimes at night shows that an increase in urban economic vitality brings about the social problems of robbery, snatching, and theft crimes in cities, which is contrary to the original intention of urban development. Therefore, to limit robbery, snatching, and theft crimes at night from the perspective of urban development, the correlation between nighttime crime and urban vitality, and the analysis of the influencing factors, need to be explored in greater depth.
Keywords
