The State of the Art of Research on Power Supply Technologies for Moving Targets

Abstract

With the advancement of power electronics, control systems, and related technologies, devices such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), airships, and electric vehicles (EVs) have become integral to modern life and industry. However, limited battery capacity, short battery life, attenuated battery performance, environmental sensitivity, and long charging time result in range anxiety in electrically driven devices, which has become an important factor restricting their development. This paper reviews the current status of power supply technologies for moving targets, categorizing them into contact charging, autonomous power supply, and wireless power transfer (WPT) methods. The principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of each approach are thoroughly analyzed. Comparative analysis highlights that WPT technology, which eliminates the need for electrical connections between the transmitter and receiver, offers notable advantages, including high flexibility, extended charging distances, and simultaneous power delivery to multiple targets. These features make it particularly well suited for the energy requirements of moving devices. Accordingly, this paper emphasizes the key technologies and future development directions of microwave WPT (MWPT) and laser WPT (LWPT) to facilitate the broader adoption of dynamic wireless power supply systems for moving targets.

Keywords

• moving target
• wireless power transfer
• microwave
• laser
• power supply technology
• transmitter