Comparison of the effects of 10 weeks mid and long-term swimming induced oxidative stress on left ventricular angiogenesis in male rats

Abstract

Purpose: In previous studies, there was a relationship between angiogenesis and oxidative stress thus the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two protocols of mid and long-term on left ventricular angiogenesis in male rats.Methods: The 18 male Wistar rats of 210 ± 20g, were randomly assigned in to three equal groups: control, mid and long-term group. Training groups swam in 32֯ water five days per week for 10 weeks. The mid-term group swam for one hour and the long-term group for three hours per session. One day after the end of the protocol, left ventricle of the heart was removed. Real-time PCR method was used to measure the genes expression of Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-B, Fibroblast-Growth-Factor-B, Angiopoiteine1&2. Differences were determined using by ANOVA One-Way method and the groups were compared by Tukey follow-up test at the significant level of P < 0.05.Results: The genes expression levels of Vascular-endothelial-growth factor-B, Angiopoiteine1&2 and Matrix-metalloproteinases-2 were significantly increased in the long-term group in compared to the both the control and mid-term groups, and in the mid-term group in compared to the control group, but the gene expression of Fibroblast-Growth-Factor-B had a significant increase only in the mid-term group in compared to the control group (P = 0.001).Conclusion: Due to the significantly increase of nitric-oxide, the angiogenesis process in the long-term group can be related to shear stress, and in the mid-term group, due to a significant increase in Malondialdehyde, it was attributed to oxidative stress.

Keywords

• oxidative stress
• angiogenesis
• mid-term swimming
• long-term swimming