A coherent engineering assessment of ABS/biochar biocomposites in MEX 3D additive manufacturing
Nectarios Vidakis,
Markos Petousis,
Dimitrios Kalderis,
Nikolaos Michailidis,
Emmanuel Maravelakis,
Vassilios Saltas,
Nikolaos Bolanakis,
Vassilis Papadakis,
Apostolos Argyros,
Nikolaos Mountakis,
Mariza Spiridaki
Affiliations
Nectarios Vidakis
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, 71410, Greece
Markos Petousis
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, 71410, Greece; Corresponding author.
Dimitrios Kalderis
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, 73133, Greece
Nikolaos Michailidis
Physical Metallurgy Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Research & Development of Advanced Materials (CERDAM), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Centre, Building B’, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
Emmanuel Maravelakis
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, 73133, Greece
Vassilios Saltas
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, 73133, Greece
Nikolaos Bolanakis
Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, 73133, Greece
Vassilis Papadakis
Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 122 43, Athens, Greece; Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas, N. Plastira 100m, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
Apostolos Argyros
Physical Metallurgy Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Research & Development of Advanced Materials (CERDAM), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Centre, Building B’, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
Nikolaos Mountakis
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, 71410, Greece
Mariza Spiridaki
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, 71410, Greece
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composites were prepared in filament form compatible with the material extrusion (MEX) 3D printing method, using biochar as a filler at various loadings of up to 10.0 wt %. Samples were fabricated to experimentally investigate their mechanical performance. The ABS/biochar composites were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and rheological tests. The electrical properties of the composites were investigated using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to analyze the morphological features of the fabricated specimens by examining their side and fracture surfaces. The results indicate that the composite with 4.0 wt % biochar content compared to pure ABS showed the highest mechanical response between the prepared composites (24.9 % and 21 % higher than the pure ABS tensile and flexural strength respectively). The composites retained their insulating behavior. These findings contribute to expanding the utilization of the material extrusion (MEX) 3D printing method while also unlocking prospects for potential applications in microelectronics, apart from mechanical reinforcement.
