Photoinduced phases in jacutingaite monolayer

Abstract

The topological phases of monolayer jacutingaite (Pt_{2}HgSe_{3}) under off-resonance high-frequency and high-intensity laser irradiation and staggered sublattice potential V are investigated. The various steady-state phases are realized by an appropriate choice of the off-resonance circularly polarized laser field parameters and the staggered sublattice potential. By tuning the band gap through V and/or laser intensity, a phase diagram is deduced and explained. Increasing the laser intensity at V=0 leads to a photoinduced quantum Hall insulator state with chiral edge currents, while increasing V in the absence of laser field changes the phase from quantum spin Hall to quantum valley Hall phases. An electromagnetically induced, steady-state spin-polarized quantum Hall state is predicted at particular values of V and the laser intensity relative to the spin-orbit coupling strength. The emergence of the topological phases is corroborated by calculating the Chern numbers of each band, and the Hall conductivity at zero temperature. Calculations of the Nernst coefficient give further evidence at nonzero temperatures. Along the phase boundaries, we observe steady-state single Dirac cone, spin-polarized, and spin-valley-polarized metal states which may be exploited in use of jacutingaites in spin and valleytronics.