НЕКОТОРЫЕ ФОРМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ПРОСТРАНСТВА ПОВСЕДНЕВНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КРЕПОСТЕЙ-ГОРОДОВ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНО-ЧЕРНОЗЕМНОГО РЕГИОНА РОССИИ В XVII - ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XVIII ВВ

Abstract

The authors of the article aim to show the behavior of the population of fortresses-cities of the Central Black Earth Region in the XVII - the first half of the XVIII centuries. The work is written in the context of studying forms of organizing the space of everyday life. The article summarizes the great practical work with archival documents. A significant part of the sources used is related to the work of local authorities. A large amount of material was collected and analyzed by the research team, which reflected the behaviors of the servants and «posad» people of the South of Russia in the 17th century, as well as some features of the everyday life of citizens in the first half of the 18th century. The article shows how the features of organizing the daily living space of the region’s inhabitants over a century and a half had changed. First, it should be noted that the early period of history of the service population was a closed military community. These steppe soldiers were rallied by various forms of social organization. Over time, the main military daily life changed. People became traders and artisans, engaged in crafts. Now they were not as united as before. The process of urbanization, associated with the gradual transformation of civil servants into peaceful merchants and artisans, naturally influenced human behavior, its norms and value guidelines. In the XVIII century, the population of the town was very fragmented, everything was subordinated to the desire for material prosperity, income inequality intensified, estates began to form.

Keywords

• behavior
• everyday life
• service people
• merchants
• city
• fortress