Cytogenetic evaluation of patients with clinical spectrum of Turner syndrome

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study was to correlate the genotype, of female patients, withshort stature and primary amenorrhea. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-six subjects were recruited during 2005-2012. Microscopic and automated karyotyping analyses were done by using chromosomes isolated from the lymphocytes using Giemsa banding (GTG) to identify chromosome abnormalities. Results: A total of 146 clinically suspected Turner syndrome (TS) subjects were recruited for the study, of which, 61 patients were identified to have chromosome abnormalities. The chromosomal abnormalities detected were as follows: Monosomy X (n = 19, 13.01%), triple X syndrome (n = 4, 2.7%), mosaic TS (n = 12, 8.21%), XY gonadal dysgenesis (n = 13, 8.9%), and structural abnormalities including X chromosome (n = 15, 10.27%) and one patient each with autosomal changes involving 9qh inversion and translocation of chromosomes 12 and 14. Conclusion: Karyotype abnormalities accounting for 46% in this study emphasize the need for karyotype testing in cases of short stature with primary amenorrhea.

Keywords

• Gonadal dysgenesis and monosomy X
• primary amenorrhea
• short stature