Predictive Value of Resistin in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Resistin in humans is classified as an adipokine and has been proposed as an inflammatory marker, associated with the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.Objectives: To evaluate serum resistin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).  In addition, correlating serum resistin with clinical and biochemical parameters was another objective.Materials and Methods: This study included 60 patients with ACS diagnoses. The participants were categorized into two groups: 30 patients with both ACS and T2DM and 30 patients with ACS but without T2DM. The control group comprised 30 healthy individuals who matched the patient groups regarding sex and age. Levels of serum lipids, fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin I, and resistin, were estimated for each participant.Results: The levels of resistin in the serum were significantly higher in ACS with T2DM or ACS without T2DM patients compared to healthy individuals (1.184 ± 0.271 ng/mL and 1.249 ± 0.358 vs. 0.601 ± 0.141 ng/mL, respectively, P-value = 0.001). The analysis of the data exhibited a significant positive correlation between serum resistin and CRP levels in the ACS with T2DM (r = 0.412; P-value = 0.018) and the ACS without T2DM (r = 0.467; P-value = 0.01). There was no significant correlation between serum resistin levels and other variables in these two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in ACS with T2DM exhibited that serum resistin level larger than 0.896 ng/mL was correlated with an elevated incidence of ACS (Area Under the Curve = 0.988, sensitivity = 93.33%, specificity = 93.33%, and likelihood ratio = 14). In contrast, ROC analysis in ACS without T2DM exhibited that a serum resistin level greater than 0.830 ng/mL was correlated with an elevated incidence of ACS (Area Under the Curve = 0.978, sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 90%, and likelihood ratio = 9).    Conclusion: Serum resistin can be used to predict ACS in patients with or without T2DM. Also, resistin is an effector molecule of the inflammatory response that contributes to ACS.

Keywords

• resistin
• acute coronary syndrome
• type 2 diabetes mellitus