Microorganisms (Dec 2023)

Development and Validation of a Highly Sensitive Multiplex Immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Response Monitorization: A Study of the Antibody Response in COVID-19 Patients with Different Clinical Profiles during the First and Second Waves in Cadiz, Spain

  • Lucia Olvera-Collantes,
  • Noelia Moares,
  • Ricardo Fernandez-Cisnal,
  • Juan P. Muñoz-Miranda,
  • Pablo Gonzalez-Garcia,
  • Antonio Gabucio,
  • Carolina Freyre-Carrillo,
  • Juan de Dios Jordan-Chaves,
  • Teresa Trujillo-Soto,
  • Maria P. Rodriguez-Martinez,
  • Maria I. Martin-Rubio,
  • Eva Escuer,
  • Manuel Rodriguez-Iglesias,
  • Cecilia Fernandez-Ponce,
  • Francisco Garcia-Cozar

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11122997
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 12
p. 2997

Abstract

Read online

There is still a long way ahead regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, since emerging waves remain a daunting challenge to the healthcare system. For this reason, the development of new preventive tools and therapeutic strategies to deal with the disease have been necessary, among which serological assays have played a key role in the control of COVID-19 outbreaks and vaccine development. Here, we have developed and evaluated an immunoassay capable of simultaneously detecting multiple IgG antibodies against different SARS-CoV-2 antigens through the use of Bio-PlexTM technology. Additionally, we have analyzed the antibody response in COVID-19 patients with different clinical profiles in Cadiz, Spain. The multiplex immunoassay presented is a high-throughput and robust immune response monitoring tool capable of concurrently detecting anti-S1, anti-NC and anti-RBD IgG antibodies in serum with a very high sensitivity (94.34–97.96%) and specificity (91.84–100%). Therefore, the immunoassay proposed herein may be a useful monitoring tool for individual humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2, as well as for epidemiological surveillance. In addition, we show the values of antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens and their correlation with the different clinical profiles of unvaccinated COVID-19 patients in Cadiz, Spain, during the first and second waves of the pandemic.

Keywords