The Health-Related Fatty Acid Profile of Milk from Holstein–Friesian Cows as Influenced by Production System and Lactation Stage
Zenon Nogalski,
Martyna Momot,
Monika Sobczuk-Szul,
Anna Nogalska
Affiliations
Zenon Nogalski
Department of Animal Nutrition, Feed Science, and Cattle Breding, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Martyna Momot
Department of Animal Nutrition, Feed Science, and Cattle Breding, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Monika Sobczuk-Szul
Department of Animal Nutrition, Feed Science, and Cattle Breding, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Anna Nogalska
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of production system and lactation stage (LS) on the yield, centesimal composition, and fatty acid profile of milk from Holstein–Friesian cows. A total of 539 milk samples were collected in winter from cows in six certified organic dairy herds (ODHs) and eight conventional dairy herds (CDHs). The samples were collected randomly from up to 30% of cows at a given stage of lactation (7–45, 46–90, 91–135, 136–180, 181–225, 226–270, 271–315, and 316–360 days after calving). Milk samples were analyzed for proximate composition and the concentrations of fatty acids. The average daily milk yield was 11.4 kg higher (p p < 0.05) with advancing lactation.
