Zoanthamine Alkaloids from the Zoantharian Zoanthus cf. pulchellus and Their Effects in Neuroinflammation
Paul O. Guillen,
Sandra Gegunde,
Karla B. Jaramillo,
Amparo Alfonso,
Kevin Calabro,
Eva Alonso,
Jenny Rodriguez,
Luis M. Botana,
Olivier P. Thomas
Affiliations
Paul O. Guillen
ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, Campus Gustavo Galindo km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
Sandra Gegunde
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
Karla B. Jaramillo
ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, Campus Gustavo Galindo km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
Amparo Alfonso
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
Kevin Calabro
Marine Biodiscovery, School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
Eva Alonso
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
Jenny Rodriguez
ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, Campus Gustavo Galindo km. 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863 Guayaquil, Ecuador
Luis M. Botana
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
Olivier P. Thomas
Marine Biodiscovery, School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
Two new zoanthamine alkaloids, namely 3-acetoxynorzoanthamine (1) and 3-acetoxyzoanthamine (2), have been isolated from the zoantharian Zoanthus cf. pulchellus collected off the coast of the Santa Elena Peninsula, Ecuador, together with three known derivatives: zoanthamine, norzoanthamine, and 3-hydroxynorzoanthamine. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were determined by interpretation of their 1D and 2D NMR data and comparison with literature data. This is the first report of zoanthamine-type alkaloids from Zoanthus cf. pulchellus collected in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The neuroinflammatory activity of all the isolated compounds was evaluated in microglia BV-2 cells and high inhibitory effects were observed in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) generation.
