Risk Management and Healthcare Policy (Apr 2022)
How Efficient are Basic Public Health Services Between Urban and Rural in Shandong Province, China? A Data Envelopment Analysis and Panel Tobit Regression Approach
Abstract
Fankun Cao,1,2 Yan Xi,3 Chao Zheng,1,2 Tongyu Bai,4 Qiang Sun1,2 1Center for Health Management and Policy Research of Public Health School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Health Commission of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Primary Health Department, Health Commission of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qiang Sun, Email [email protected]: Improving basic public health services efficiency becomes priority to guarantee its sustainability for Chinese government. This study aimed to explore basic public health services efficiency and its influencing factors between urban and rural in Shandong Province, China, providing policy implications to improve efficiency.Methods: This research assessed basic public health services efficiency of 54 districts (representing urban) and 83 counties (representing rural) in Shandong, China, from 2014 to 2019. The data were obtained from Medical Management Service Center of Shandong Health Commission and Statistical Yearbooks. Input variables were subsidy funds, public health staffs and material expenditures. Output variables were assessment indicators covered all service contents from national standard. The data envelopment analysis and panel tobit regression were used to measure efficiency scores and efficiency influencing factors.Results: Basic public health services efficiency scores of urban were higher than those of rural during 2014 to 2019. Scale efficiency change and technological change promoted basic public health services total factor productivity change of urban and rural respectively. Panel tobit regression indicated that proportion of health expenditures in general public budget expenditures (P 0.10).Conclusion: To improve basic public health services efficiency, urban should focus on health resource structure, especially increasing primary medical and health institutions and public health personnel. Rural should expand the input scale, paying more attention to subsidy funds and public health personnel expenditures. The government should also care strengthening the guidance to primary medical and health institutions from professional health institutions.Keywords: basic public health services efficiency, urban, rural, data envelopment analysis, panel tobit regression
