Immune Responses and Protection Profiles in Mice Induced by Subunit Vaccine Candidates Based on the Extracellular Domain Antigen of Respiratory Syncytial Virus G Protein Combined with Different Adjuvants
Ruiwen Han,
Tangqi Wang,
Xueting Cheng,
Jialuo Bing,
Jia Li,
Yao Deng,
Xuchang Shan,
Xuejie Zhang,
Donghong Wang,
Shucai Sun,
Wenjie Tan
Affiliations
Ruiwen Han
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Tangqi Wang
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Xueting Cheng
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China
Jialuo Bing
School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
Jia Li
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Yao Deng
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China
Xuchang Shan
School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
Xuejie Zhang
School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
Donghong Wang
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commissions, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, China
Shucai Sun
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, China
Wenjie Tan
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease of infants and older people. There is an urgent need for safe and effective vaccines against RSV infection. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the immune response and protection with the RSV recombinant G protein extracellular domain (Gecto) combined with various adjuvants as novel subunit vaccines in mice. All groups receiving RSV Gecto combined with adjuvants exhibited robust humoral and cellular immunity compared to those receiving an adjuvant alone or inactivated RSV vaccine. The greatest effect was observed in mice receiving Gecto combined with a CpG ODN + Alum salt adjuvant, resulting in the highest production of neutralizing antibodies against both RSV A and B subtypes, G-specific IgG and IFN-γ production in splenocytes, and interleukin-2 and interferon-γ expression in CD4+ T cells. Significant humoral and cellular immune responses were observed in mice immunized with Gecto combined with AddaS03™ or cyclosporin A adjuvants. The vaccine containing the AddaS03™ adjuvant showed significantly high expression of interleukin-4 in CD4+ T cells. Cross-protection against a challenge with either RSV A or B subtypes was observed in the Gecto plus adjuvant groups, resulting in a significant decrease in viral load and reduced pathological damage in the mouse lungs. These findings offer valuable insights into the development and application of recombinant RSV G-subunit vaccines with adjuvants.
