Actualidades Biológicas (Dec 2011)
EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE ESPONJAS MARINAS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF MARINE SPONGES FROM THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Abstract
Los invertebrados marinos representan un componente importante de la biota oceánica y una fuente rica de compuestos nuevos y biológicamente activos, tales como antibacterianos, anticancerígenos, antiinflamatorios y antioxidantes, entre otros. En este trabajo se evaluó la actividad antioxidante de los extractos metanólicos de las esponjas marinas del Caribe colombiano: Amorphinopsis atlantica, Callyspongia vaginalis, Ircinia felix, Lissodendoryx carolinensis, Mycale microsigmatosa, Niphates erecta y Tedania ignis, frente al catión radical ABTS•+, usando como referencia Trolox. Los ensayos preliminares realizados (100 μg/ml) mostraron buena inhibición del radical (> 53%) con los extractos de A. atlantica (IC50 = 88,26 μg/ml), M. microsigmatosa (IC50 = 59,80 μg/ml) y I. felix (IC50 = 88,81 μg/ml) y baja inhibición del radical (Marine invertebrates are an important component of oceanic biota and a rich source of novel and biologically active compounds, such as anti-bacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidants agents, among others. In this study we evaluated the antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from marine sponges from the Colombian Caribbean: Amorphinopsis atlantica, Callyspongia vaginalis, Ircinia felix, Lissodendoryx carolinensis, Mycale microsigmatosa, Niphates erecta, and Tedania ignis against the radical ABTS•+ cation, using Trolox as a reference. The preliminary tests performed (100 μg/ml) showed good inhibition of the radical (> 53%) with extracts from A. atlantica (IC50 = 88.26 μg/ml), M. microsigmatosa (IC50 = 59.80 μg/ml), and I. felix (IC50 = 88.81 μg/ml) and low inhibition of the radical (< 33%) to extracts from the other sponge species. Upon evaluating the antioxidant activity of aqueous fractions of dichloromethane obtained from each of the selected methanol extracts, we found that the greatest inhibition of the radical was obtained from the aqueous fraction of A. atlantica, (IC50 = 58.75 μg/ml), exceeding that exhibited by the methanol extract of this sponge; in addition, the least inhibition was exhibited by the organic fraction of I. felix (IC50 = 120.49 μg/ml), a value considerable greater when compared with the respective extract. The results suggest that marine sponges of the Colombian Caribbean are capable of producing substances that inhibit the chemical reactivity of organic radicals such as ABTS•+.
