The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2023)
Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul. I. Unusual Signatures of Carbon, Oxygen, and Circumstellar Interaction in a Peculiar Type Ia Supernova
- Matthew R. Siebert,
- Lindsey A. Kwok,
- Joel Johansson,
- Saurabh W. Jha,
- Stéphane Blondin,
- Luc Dessart,
- Ryan J. Foley,
- D. John Hillier,
- Conor Larison,
- Rüdiger Pakmor,
- Tea Temim,
- Jennifer E. Andrews,
- Katie Auchettl,
- Carles Badenes,
- Barnabas Barna,
- K. Azalee Bostroem,
- Max J. Brenner Newman,
- Thomas G. Brink,
- María José Bustamante-Rosell,
- Yssavo Camacho-Neves,
- Alejandro Clocchiatti,
- David A. Coulter,
- Kyle W. Davis,
- Maxime Deckers,
- Georgios Dimitriadis,
- Yize Dong,
- Joseph Farah,
- Alexei V. Filippenko,
- Andreas Flörs,
- Ori D. Fox,
- Peter Garnavich,
- Estefania Padilla Gonzalez,
- Or Graur,
- Franz-Josef Hambsch,
- Griffin Hosseinzadeh,
- D. Andrew Howell,
- John P. Hughes,
- Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf,
- Xavier K. Le Saux,
- Keiichi Maeda,
- Kate Maguire,
- Curtis McCully,
- Cassidy Mihalenko,
- Megan Newsome,
- John T. O’Brien,
- Jeniveve Pearson,
- Craig Pellegrino,
- Justin D. R. Pierel,
- Abigail Polin,
- Armin Rest,
- César Rojas-Bravo,
- David J. Sand,
- Michaela Schwab,
- Melissa Shahbandeh,
- Manisha Shrestha,
- Nathan Smith,
- Louis-Gregory Strolger,
- Tamás Szalai,
- Kirsty Taggart,
- Giacomo Terreran,
- Jacco H. Terwel,
- Samaporn Tinyanont,
- Stefano Valenti,
- József Vinkó,
- J. Craig Wheeler,
- Yi Yang,
- WeiKang Zheng,
- Chris Ashall,
- James M. DerKacy,
- Lluís Galbany,
- Peter Hoeflich,
- Eric Hsiao,
- Thomas de Jaeger,
- Jing Lu,
- Justyn Maund,
- Kyle Medler,
- Nidia Morrell,
- Benjamin J. Shappee,
- Maximilian Stritzinger,
- Nicholas Suntzeff,
- Michael Tucker,
- Lifan Wang
Affiliations
- Matthew R. Siebert
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]
- Lindsey A. Kwok
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Joel Johansson
- ORCiD
- Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University , Albanova University Center, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Saurabh W. Jha
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Stéphane Blondin
- ORCiD
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
- Luc Dessart
- ORCiD
- Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS-Sorbonne Université , 98 bis boulevard Arago, F-75014, Paris, France
- Ryan J. Foley
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- D. John Hillier
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh , 3941 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Conor Larison
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Rüdiger Pakmor
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck Institute for Astrophysics , Garching, Germany
- Tea Temim
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540-7219, USA
- Jennifer E. Andrews
- ORCiD
- Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab , 670 North A‘ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720-2700, USA
- Katie Auchettl
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA; School of Physics, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Carles Badenes
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh , 3941 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Barnabas Barna
- ORCiD
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Szeged , Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- K. Azalee Bostroem
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Max J. Brenner Newman
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Thomas G. Brink
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- María José Bustamante-Rosell
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- Yssavo Camacho-Neves
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Alejandro Clocchiatti
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute of Astrophysics , Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
- David A. Coulter
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- Kyle W. Davis
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- Maxime Deckers
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
- Georgios Dimitriadis
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
- Yize Dong
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- Joseph Farah
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Alexei V. Filippenko
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- Andreas Flörs
- ORCiD
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung , Planckstraße 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Ori D. Fox
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]
- Peter Garnavich
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Estefania Padilla Gonzalez
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Or Graur
- ORCiD
- Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK; Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West and 79th Street, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA
- Franz-Josef Hambsch
- ORCiD
- Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS) , Oostmeers 122 C, B-8000 Brugge, Belgium; AAVSO , 185 Alewife Brook Parkway, Suite 410, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Groupe Européen d’Observations Stellaires (GEOS) , 23 Parc de Levesville, F-28300 Bailleau l’Evêque, France; Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne (BAV) , Munsterdamm 90, D-12169 Berlin, Germany
- Griffin Hosseinzadeh
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- D. Andrew Howell
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- John P. Hughes
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Xavier K. Le Saux
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- Keiichi Maeda
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University , Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Kate Maguire
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
- Curtis McCully
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Cassidy Mihalenko
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia
- Megan Newsome
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- John T. O’Brien
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Jeniveve Pearson
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Craig Pellegrino
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Justin D. R. Pierel
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]
- Abigail Polin
- ORCiD
- Observatories of the Carnegie Institute for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101-1232, USA; TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, 350-17, Caltech , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Armin Rest
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- César Rojas-Bravo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- David J. Sand
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Michaela Schwab
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Melissa Shahbandeh
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]
- Manisha Shrestha
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Nathan Smith
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Louis-Gregory Strolger
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218-2410, USA ; [email protected]
- Tamás Szalai
- ORCiD
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Szeged , Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; ELKH-SZTE Stellar Astrophysics Research Group , Szegedi út, Kt. 766, 6500 Baja, Hungary
- Kirsty Taggart
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064-1077, USA
- Giacomo Terreran
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Jacco H. Terwel
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland; Isaac Newton Group (ING) , Apt. de correos 321, E-38700, Santa Cruz de La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain
- Samaporn Tinyanont
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand , 260 Moo 4, Donkaew, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand
- Stefano Valenti
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- József Vinkó
- ORCiD
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Szeged , Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Konkoly Observatory , Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), MTA Center of Excellence, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712-1205, USA
- J. Craig Wheeler
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712-1205, USA
- Yi Yang
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- WeiKang Zheng
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
- Chris Ashall
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- James M. DerKacy
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Lluís Galbany
- ORCiD
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Peter Hoeflich
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA
- Eric Hsiao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4350, USA
- Thomas de Jaeger
- ORCiD
- LPNHE, (CNRS/IN2P3, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité) , Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies, F-75005, Paris, France
- Jing Lu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Justyn Maund
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield , Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK
- Kyle Medler
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool, L3 5RF, UK
- Nidia Morrell
- ORCiD
- Carnegie Observatories, Las Campanas Observatory , Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
- Benjamin J. Shappee
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822-1839, USA
- Maximilian Stritzinger
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Nicholas Suntzeff
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , 4242 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA; George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics & Astronomy , College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Michael Tucker
- ORCiD
- Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, The Ohio State University , 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Lifan Wang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , 4242 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA; George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics & Astronomy , College Station, TX 77843, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0975
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 960,
no. 1
p. 88
Abstract
Nebular-phase observations of peculiar Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) provide important constraints on progenitor scenarios and explosion dynamics for both these rare SNe and the more common, cosmologically useful SNe Ia. We present observations from an extensive ground- and space-based follow-up campaign to characterize SN 2022pul, a super-Chandrasekhar mass SN Ia (alternatively “03fg-like” SN), from before peak brightness to well into the nebular phase across optical to mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths. The early rise of the light curve is atypical, exhibiting two distinct components, consistent with SN Ia ejecta interacting with dense carbon–oxygen (C/O)-rich circumstellar material (CSM). In the optical, SN 2022pul is most similar to SN 2012dn, having a low estimated peak luminosity ( M _B = −18.9 mag) and high photospheric velocity relative to other 03fg-like SNe. In the nebular phase, SN 2022pul adds to the increasing diversity of the 03fg-like subclass. From 168 to 336 days after peak B -band brightness, SN 2022pul exhibits asymmetric and narrow emission from [O i ] λ λ 6300, 6364 (FWHM ≈ 2000 km s ^−1 ), strong, broad emission from [Ca ii ] λ λ 7291, 7323 (FWHM ≈ 7300 km s ^−1 ), and a rapid Fe iii to Fe ii ionization change. Finally, we present the first ever optical-to-MIR nebular spectrum of an 03fg-like SN Ia using data from JWST. In the MIR, strong lines of neon and argon, weak emission from stable nickel, and strong thermal dust emission (with T ≈ 500 K), combined with prominent [O i ] in the optical, suggest that SN 2022pul was produced by a white dwarf merger within C/O-rich CSM.
Keywords
