Проблемы особо опасных инфекций (Oct 2018)

Current epidemiological situation on Particularly Dangerous Mycoses around the World and Forecast of Its Development

  • A. V. Lipnitsky,
  • A. M. Markin,
  • T. N. Sharov,
  • A. V. Toporkov,
  • D. V. Viktorov

DOI
https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2018-3-25-31
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 0, no. 3
pp. 25 – 31

Abstract

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The literature review focuses on epidemiological aspects of the spread of particularly dangerous mycoses across the world (coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis). Forecast of morbidity rates for the next few years is provided too. Out of all endemic mycoses, coccidioidomycosis, endemic for North America regions, poses the most dangerous threat. In case of the infection, complications are most likely to arise, including the dissemination of the process in immunocompromised persons. Histoplasmosis is also classed as particularly dangerous mycosis. It affects both humans and animals. It is endemic for North, Central and South America, as well as Asia and Australia. The most studied endemic areas of infection with blastomycosis are in the territory of North America, while paracoccidioidomycosis is endemic for Latin America countries. Analysis of academic publications on particularly dangerous mycoses over the last three years testifies to the increase in their morbidity rates around the world. This situation is associated, primarily, with the increment in the number of immunocompromised subjects. An important stage in the improvement of the agent diagnostics is introduction of advanced methods for early diagnostics of mycoses, in particular, molecular-genetic and genome sequencing tools. It could also allow for the detection of patients beyond the limits of endemic foci.

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