Environmental levels and toxicological potencies of a novel mixed halogenated carbazole

Miren Pena-Abaurrea; Matthew Robson; Sri Chaudhuri; Nicole Riddell; Robert McCrindle; Brock Chittim; Robert Parette; Un-Ho Jin; Stephen Safe; David Poirier; Ralph Ruffolo; Richard Dyer; Rachael Fletcher; Paul A. Helm; Eric J. Reiner

doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2016.07.002

Emerging Contaminants (Sep 2016)

Environmental levels and toxicological potencies of a novel mixed halogenated carbazole

Miren Pena-Abaurrea,
Matthew Robson,
Sri Chaudhuri,
Nicole Riddell,
Robert McCrindle,
Brock Chittim,
Robert Parette,
Un-Ho Jin,
Stephen Safe,
David Poirier,
Ralph Ruffolo,
Richard Dyer,
Rachael Fletcher,
Paul A. Helm,
Eric J. Reiner

Affiliations

Miren Pena-Abaurrea: Department of Analysis, CEPSA Research Center, Alcala de Henares, 28805, Spain
Matthew Robson: Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
Sri Chaudhuri: Conservation Ontario, Newmarket, ON, L3Y 2P5, Canada
Nicole Riddell: Wellington Laboratories Inc., Guelph, ON, N1G 3M5, Canada
Robert McCrindle: Wellington Laboratories Inc., Guelph, ON, N1G 3M5, Canada
Brock Chittim: Wellington Laboratories Inc., Guelph, ON, N1G 3M5, Canada
Robert Parette: Matson & Associates, Inc., State College, PA, 16801, USA
Un-Ho Jin: Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, TX, 77843–4461, USA
Stephen Safe: Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, TX, 77843–4461, USA
David Poirier: Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
Ralph Ruffolo: Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
Richard Dyer: Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, Sudbury, ON, P3E 6B5, Canada
Rachael Fletcher: Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
Paul A. Helm: Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
Eric J. Reiner: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2016.07.002
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 2, no. 3
pp. 166 – 172

Abstract

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The present work involves an extensive analytical and toxicological description of a recently identified mixed halogenated carbazole found in sediment samples, 1,8-dibromo-3,6-dichloro-9H-carbazole (BCCZ). Concentrations and the relative effect potency (REP) were calculated for the target BCCZ in a set of stream sediments collected in 2008 in Ontario, Canada. The levels calculated for BCCZ as compared to those previously assessed for legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the same samples revealed a significant contribution of BCCZ to the total organic chemical contamination (<1%–95%; average 37%). The corresponding dioxin toxic equivalencies (TEQs) of BCCZ in the sediment extracts were estimated from experimental REP data. The experimental data presented supports the classification of this emerging halogenated chemical as a contaminant of emerging environmental concern. Although potential emission sources could not be identified, this study highlights the importance of on-going research for complete characterization of halogenated carbazoles and related compounds.

Published in Emerging Contaminants

ISSN: 2405-6650 (Print)
Publisher: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
Country of publisher: China
LCC subjects: Technology: Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering: Environmental pollution
Website: https://www.keaipublishing.com/en/journals/emerging-contaminants/

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