Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy to Unveil Reaction Mechanisms by Isomer-selective Detection of Elusive Molecules: From Combustion to Catalysis

Abstract

Elusive and reactive intermediates, such as radicals, play a central role in reaction mechanisms. Photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy with tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation offers a multiplexed, sensitive, mass- and isomer-selective way to identify and, in some cases, determine mole fractions of reactive species. It thus helps to unveil the missing link(s) between reactants and products. After a brief overview of the technique, we review two systems in three different reactive environments. First, the unimolecular decomposition mechanism of ortho-xylyl radicals is revealed in pyrolysis experiments. Second, the insights gained are used to analyze a fuel-rich meta-xylene flame, which suggests that important xylyl isomerization reactions are currently missing in combustion models. Third, photoion mass-selected threshold photoelectron spectra identify the fulvenone ketene as the crucial intermediate in the catalytic fast pyrolysis of a lignin model compound and help map heterogeneous catalysis mechanisms.

Keywords

• Photoelectron spectroscopy
• Pyrolysis
• Reaction mechanism
• Reactive intermediates
• Vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation