Salud Pública de México (Dec 2005)
Prevalencia y factores asociados a la venta de cigarros a menores de edad en el Distrito Federal Prevalence and risk factors related to sale of cigarettes to minors in stores in Mexico City
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Conocer la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la venta de cigarros a menores en el Distrito Federal. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado mediante una encuesta a expendedores de comercios que venden cigarros. Se generó un marco muestral mediante el SCINCE 2000 del INEGI, se seleccionaron probabilísticamente dos Areas Geoestadísticas Básicas (AGEB) por delegación y se realizó un censo de dichos comercios. RESULTADOS: Se visitaron 577 comercios de los cuales 73% vendió cigarros a menores, 58% vendía cigarros sueltos; 2.6% preguntó la edad y 1.2% solicitó una identificación. De los expendedores, 51% fueron hombres, 37% cursó la secundaria, 57% había fumado, 42% tenía hijos menores y 99% sabía que está prohibido vender cigarros a menores. El análisis multivariado permitió establecer un modelo explicativo, y se encontró que cuando el expendedor es hombre o se venden cigarros sueltos se incrementa entre 2 y 5 veces la posibilidad de venta, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La venta de cigarros a menores en el Distrito Federal es independiente de las características del expendedor y del comercio.OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of the sale of cigarette to minors in stores in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done applying a questionnaire to salespersons in stores that sell cigarettes. The SCINCE 2000 from INEGI was used to select and sample two Basic Geostatistical Areas (AGEB) per Delegation and a census of stores was carried out. RESULTS: A total of 577 stores were visited, 73% sold cigarettes to minors, 58% sell loose cigarettes, only 2.6% asked the buyer's age, and 1.2% requested identification. Among the salespersons, 51% were men, 37% had secondary school studies, 57% were smokers, 42% had children underage, and 99% knew that the sale of cigarettes to minors is prohibited. The multivariate analysis established an explicative model and it was discovered that when the salesperson was male or if the cigarettes were sold individually the probability of sale was 2 and 5 times higher respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The sale of cigarettes to minors in Mexico City is not associated with the personal characteristics of the salespersons or with the stores.
