ZnO/CQDs Nanocomposites for Visible Light Photodegradation of Organic Pollutants

Abstract

Currently, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been widely investigated as an enhancing photocatalytic component of various nanocomposites. In this study, hetero-structures containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) associated to zinc oxide were prepared following two one-pot procedures: (i) a hydrothermal approach in which commercial ZnO was used as carrier for CQDs; and (ii) an approach in which the ZnO/CQDs samples were produced in situ by adding zinc acetate to an aqueous suspension of CQDs. CQDs were prepared in advance by a low-temperature hydrothermal (LHT) treatment of useless humins wastes produced by the glucose dehydration in an acidic medium. These samples were characterized by several techniques such asadsorption-desorption isotherms of liquid nitrogen at 77K, X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared diffuse reflectance with Fourier transform (DRIFT) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic behavior of these materials was investigated in the degradation of methylene blue (MB). The obtained results revealed electronic interactions between CQDs and ZnO which have as an effect an enhancement of the charge separation and diminution of the charge recombination. In accordance, a correlation between the photocatalytic activity and the intrinsic properties of ZnO/CQDs has been evidenced. The highest photocatalytic activity corresponded to the heterostructure containing highly dispersed narrow sized CQDs onto ZnO. Under visible light irradiation and after 180 min of irradiation, MB was degraded by as much as 97.6%.

Keywords

• zinc oxide
• carbon quantum dots
• nanocomposites
• photodegradation
• organic dyes
• methylene blue