Semi-quantitative parameter analysis of DCE-MRI revisited: monte-carlo simulation, clinical comparisons, and clinical validation of measurement errors in patients with type 2 neurofibromatosis.

Abstract

PurposeTo compare semi-quantitative (SQ) and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters for analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MR data (DCE-MRI) and investigate error-propagation in SQ parameters.MethodsClinical data was collected from five patients with type 2-neurofibromatosis (NF2) receiving anti-angiogenic therapy for rapidly growing vestibular schwannoma (VS). There were 7 VS and 5 meningiomas. Patients were scanned prior to therapy and at days 3 and 90 of treatment. Data was collected using a dual injection technique to permit direct comparison of SQ and PK parameters. Monte Carlo modeling was performed to assess potential measurement errors in SQ parameters in persistent, washout, and weakly enhancing tissues. The simulation predictions for five semi-quantitative parameters were tested using the clinical DCE-MRI data.ResultsIn VS, SQ parameters and Ktrans showed close correlation and demonstrated similar therapy induced reductions. In meningioma, only the denoised Signal Enhancement Ratio (Rse1/se2(DN)) showed a significant therapy induced reduction (pConclusionPK and SQ parameters showed similar sensitivity to anti-angiogenic therapy induced changes in VS. Modeling studies confirmed the benefits of averaging baseline signal from multiple images for normalized SQ metrics and demonstrated poor noise tolerance in the widely used signal enhancement ratio, which is corrected by removal of outlier values.