Influence of sintering behavior on the microstructure and electrical properties of BaTiO3 lead-free ceramics from hydrothermal synthesized precursor nanoparticles

Abstract

BaTiO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method using amorphous phase TiO2 precursor as the Ti-source. The microstructure and phase structure were determined using XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis results. The results showed that BaTiO3 nanoparticles have tetragonal structure, average size of about 100 nm was obtained at Ba/Ti ratio of 1.5, synthesis temperature of 200∘C and reaction time of 12 h. The components of the BaTiO3 lead-free ceramic system are fabricated by conventional solid-phase reaction from the average size BaTiO3 particles about 100 nm obtained by hydrothermal process. The effects of sintering behavior on dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BT high-density ceramic were studied. The BaTiO3 ceramic composition sintered at 1300∘C has a relative density of 97%, the value of the electromechanical coefficient kp = 0.40, k33 = 0.42, the large piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 300 pC/N, d31 = −125 pC/N.

Keywords

• batio3 nanoparticles
• lead-free ceramics
• piezoelectric
• ferroelectric properties