Cervical spondylosis in patients presenting with “severe” myelopathy: Analysis of treatment by multisegmental spinal fixation – A case series

Abstract

Background: Surgical strategy of multisegmental spinal fixation that includes atlantoaxial joint for patients having cervical spondylosis-related symptoms of severe myelopathy is analyzed. Objective: Surgical outcome of patients presenting with “severe” symptoms of cervical myelopathy having multisegmental degenerative cervical spondylosis and treated by multisegmental spinal fixation is analyzed. Atlantoaxial joint was included in the fixation construct in majority of patients. No bone, soft tissue, osteophyte, or disc resection for decompression was done. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients having multisegmental cervical spondylosis who presented with symptoms of severe myelopathy were surgically treated during the period from March 2013 to December 2018. On the basis of the concept that instability is the primary cause of spinal degeneration, multisegmental spinal fixation was done in all patients. Atlantoaxial joint was included in the fixation construct in 48 patients. The levels of spinal fixation were determined on the basis of direct observation of facet joints and by manual manipulation and were guided by the presenting clinical features and radiological information. Clinical monitoring was done using Goel clinical grading, modified Japanese Orthopedic Association Score, and visual analog score parameters. Patient satisfaction index assessed the functional and symptomatic improvement. Results: During the follow-up that ranged from 6 to 75 months, all patients improved in their clinical status. Fifty-five (85.9%) patients could walk independently or with mild support. Conclusions: Multisegmental spinal fixation that includes atlantoaxial joint in most patients forms a rational treatment strategy for patients of cervical spondylosis presenting with severe symptoms of myelopathy.

Keywords

• atlantoaxial dislocation
• cervical spondylosis
• decompressive laminectomy
• osteophytes
• spinal fixation
• spinal instability