Antiviral Effect of Nonfunctionalized Gold Nanoparticles against Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) and Possible Contribution of Near-Field Interaction Mechanism
Edyta Paradowska,
Mirosława Studzińska,
Agnieszka Jabłońska,
Valeri Lozovski,
Natalia Rusinchuk,
Iuliia Mukha,
Nadiia Vitiuk,
Zbigniew J. Leśnikowski
Affiliations
Edyta Paradowska
Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa St., 93-232 Łódź, Poland
Mirosława Studzińska
Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa St., 93-232 Łódź, Poland
Agnieszka Jabłońska
Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa St., 93-232 Łódź, Poland
Valeri Lozovski
Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska St., 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
Natalia Rusinchuk
Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska St., 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
Iuliia Mukha
Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 17 General Naumov St., 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
Nadiia Vitiuk
Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 17 General Naumov St., 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
Zbigniew J. Leśnikowski
Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa St., 93-232 Łódź, Poland
The antiviral activity of nonfunctionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) in vitro was revealed in this study. We found that AuNPs are capable of reducing the cytopathic effect (CPE) of HSV-1 in Vero cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner when used in pretreatment mode. The demonstrated antiviral activity was within the nontoxic concentration range of AuNPs. Interestingly, we noted that nanoparticles with smaller sizes reduced the CPE of HSV-1 more effectively than larger ones. The observed phenomenon can be tentatively explained by the near-field action of nanoparticles at the virus envelope. These results show that AuNPs can be considered as potential candidates for the treatment of HSV-1 infections.
