Recent Progress in Research on [2.2]Paracyclophane-Based Dyes
Wenjing Liu,
Huabin Li,
Yanmin Huo,
Qingxia Yao,
Wenzeng Duan
Affiliations
Wenjing Liu
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
Huabin Li
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
Yanmin Huo
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
Qingxia Yao
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
Wenzeng Duan
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
In recent years, the [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) ring has attracted extensive attention due to its features of providing not only chirality and electron-donating ability but also steric hindrance, which reduces intermolecular π–π stacking interactions and thereby improves the fluorescence properties of dyes. To date, some circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-active small organic molecules based on the PCP skeleton have been reviewed; however, the application of the PCP ring in improving the photophysical properties of fluorescent dyes is still limited, and new molecular design strategies are still required. This review summarizes and promotes the application of PCP in fluorescent dye design, fluorescence detection, and CPL modulation. We expect that this review will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the PCP skeleton and lead to further improvement in fluorescent dye design.
