Characteristics of hysteroscopic training models: A review of the literature
Wanying Bao,
Jin Jia,
Zhengyu Li
Affiliations
Wanying Bao
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Jin Jia
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Corresponding author. No. 20, Section3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Zhengyu Li
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Corresponding author. No. 20, Section3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Objectives: The purpose of this review is to summarize the characteristics and applications of current hysteroscopic training models. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for eligible studies published before March 2024. Manual screening of references and citation tracking were also performed. Results: Reported hysteroscopic training models included virtual reality simulators, non-biological material models, plant tissue models, animal tissue models, and human tissue models. No training model was distinctly superior in terms of realism, haptic feedback, availability of standardized scoring of operations, preparation difficulty, reusability of surgical procedure, and prices. Utilizing any type of models for hysteroscopy simulation training could assist trainees in enhancing relevant knowledge, skills, self-confidence, and comfort, but virtual reality models had an advantage in training capacity. Conclusions: Each hysteroscopic training model has its advantages and disadvantages. An appropriate training curriculum is needed to efficiently leverage the merits of different models. The realism and training effectiveness of various training models need to be compared using rigorously designed studies and standard evaluation tools.
