Relationship between demographic factors and violence during pregnancy in Iran: A Systematic review and meta-analysis study

Abstract

Introduction: Domestic violence is the most common form of violence against women is one of the major health problems in the world. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between demographic factors with domestic violence of during pregnancy through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methodology: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis study in Iran. Accordingly, all the articles published in this regard from 2001 up to 2015 were extracted independently by two trained investigators from databases domestic and foreign databases Science Medlib, SID, Web of Science, Pub Med, Science Direct, Iran doc, Medline, Scopus, Magiran, and Google Scholar with key words and their compounds. The results of studies were analyzed using random effects model and fixed in meta-analysis, and Cochran and I2 tests were analyzed by Spss16. Results: 21 articles with the sample size of 15020 people were included in the study. The findings of the systematic review and meta-analysis showed that unwanted pregnancy OR1:2.51(95%CI:1.14-5.57), Low level of education OR:1.90(95%CI:1.40-2.59), unemployment OR:1.79(95%CI:1.06-3.00) and man's smoking OR:2.53(95%CI:1.36-4.69) are important factors in increase domestic violence during pregnancy. Having three children and fewer OR:0.30(95%CI:0.16-0.56) and enough and regular visiting to get adequate prenatal care OR:0.25(95%CI:0.12-0.54) are deterrent for violence in during pregnancy. Conclusion: Based on our findings unwanted pregnancy, level of education, unemployment, prenatal care, smoking and the number of children are in connection with violence during their pregnancy. As a result, attention to these factors and controlling them they can reduce violence during pregnancy and it adverse consequences.

Keywords

• Iran
• Pregnancy
• Domestic violence
• Demographic factors
• Meta-Analysis