Imagem corporal em adolescentes: associação com a maturação sexual e sintomas de transtornos alimentares Body image among adolescents: association with sexual maturation and symptoms of eating disorders

Abstract

OBJETIVO:Verificar a associação da imagem corporal (IC) com a maturação sexual e com sintomas de transtornos alimentares (TA) em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 325 adolescentes do sexo feminino (11 a 14 anos) da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Utilizaram-se a escala de silhuetas corporais e o Teste de Atitudes Alimentares (EAT-26). Foram coletadas informações sobre a menarca. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de insatisfação com a IC foi de 75,8%; 61,5% apresentaram o desejo de reduzir o peso corporal. A média de idade da menarca foi de 11,5 (desvio-padrão = 0,99) anos. Foi verificada associação significante entre IC e menarca (p OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of body image (BI) with sexual maturation and symptoms of eating disorders among adolescents. METHODS: A total of 325 adolescent girls (11 to 14 years) from Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were studied. A body silhouette scale and the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) were used. Information about menarche were recorded. RESULTS: The prevalence of BI dissatisfaction was 75.8%, with 61.5% of the girls wishing to reduce body weight. The mean age at menarche was 11.5 years (SD = 0.99). A significant association was observed between BI and menarche (p < 0.001), age at menarche (p < 0.001), and symptoms of eating disorders (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The presence of menarche and its occurrence at an early age causes adolescents show a greater desire to lose weight. In addition, girls wishing to be thinner are more likely to present symptoms of eating disorders.

Keywords

• Imagem corporal
• menarca
• transtornos da alimentação
• Body image
• menarche
• eating disorders