Comparative study of efficacy of fetal Admission test alone and non-stress test done antenatally with fetal Admission test to evaluate fetal outcome

Abstract

Aim. The current study evaluated the efficacy of fetal admission test alone and nonstress test (NST) antenatally with fetal admission test in both low and high risk pregnancy in relation to the fetal outcome in order to decrease the fetal morbidity and mortality. Methods and material. The study included 240 pregnant women after 34 weeks of pregnancy who were categorized into low and high risk groups. The fetal outcome following Antenatal NST and Admission test was studied based on Apgar score of <7 at 5 minutes, Meconium stained liquor, NICU requirement, and mortality. Result. Apgar score <7 at 5 min seen in 8 babies (13.33%), meconium stained liquor in 14(23.33%) and NICU admission in 11 (18.33%) cases in whom both antenatal NST and fetal admission tests were done together. Apgar score <7 at 5 min seen in 14 (23.33%) babies, meconium stained liquor in 18 (30%) and NICU admission in 19 (31.66%) cases in which only the admission test was done. The Antenatal NST for antenatal fetal surveillance shows 96.88% of specificity, 29.17% of sensitivity, 70% of positive predictive value (PPV) and 84.55% of negative predictive value (NPV). The admission test for intrapartum fetal distress shows 99.38% of specificity, 32.91% sensitivity, 75.12% NPV and 96.3% PPV. Both NST and fetal admission test done together significantly decreased the incidence of fetal distress as early intervention was taken to prevent further fetal compromise in high-risk pregnancies. NST strongly correlate with admission test result in high-risk pregnancies. Conclusion. NST and the fetal admission test in high risk pregnancies help with early detection of fetal distress and help with taking the necessary measures to improve fetal outcome.

Keywords

• fetal heart rate
• non-stress test
• birth asphyxia
• admission test
• normal vaginal delivery