Frontiers in Nutrition (Nov 2024)

Increased fat mass and obesity risk after elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor therapy in young adults with cystic fibrosis

  • Ana Merino Sánchez-Cañete,
  • Concepción Marina López Cárdenes,
  • Saioa Vicente Santamaría,
  • José Ramón Gutiérrez Martínez,
  • Marta Suárez González,
  • María Álvarez Merino,
  • David González Jiménez

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1477674
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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BackgroundWhen people with cystic fibrosis (PwCFs) are treated with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein modulator (CFTRm), it leads to changes in body composition. An easy, non-invasive, and reproducible method to assess this is by means of electrical bioimpedance measurement, which complements the information provided by the already-known anthropometric parameters.MethodsSeventeen adults with cystic fibrosis in treatment with elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ETI) were recruited for a prospective, longitudinal, single-center study over 12 months. Study variables included weight, body mass index (BMI), and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) [including fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM)].ResultsAt 12 months, there was an increase in overweight patients (5.9% vs. 23.5%) and a statistically significant increase in BMI at 6 and 12 months. An increase in FM and FFM was observed at 12 months. The increase was greater in FM (95% CI) from a baseline of 1.77% (0.00–3.54; p = 0.050) at 6 months and 2.64% (0.48–4.81; p = 0.020) at 12 months.ConclusionAfter treatment with ETI, there was an increase in weight, BMI, and FM more than FFM in PwCF. These changes would be confirmed in long-term studies to improve nutritional management.

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