Multielemental, Nutritional, and Proteomic Characterization of Different <i>Lupinus</i> spp. Genotypes: A Source of Nutrients for Dietary Use
Alfio Spina,
Rosaria Saletti,
Simona Fabroni,
Antonio Natalello,
Vincenzo Cunsolo,
Michele Scarangella,
Paolo Rapisarda,
Michele Canale,
Vera Muccilli
Affiliations
Alfio Spina
CREA—Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Rosaria Saletti
Laboratory of Organic Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
Simona Fabroni
CREA—Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Antonio Natalello
Di3A—Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Vincenzo Cunsolo
Laboratory of Organic Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
Michele Scarangella
ICQ-RF—Ispettorato Centrale Qualità e Repressione Frodi, Laboratorio di Catania, Via Alessandro Volta 19, 95122 Catania, Italy
Paolo Rapisarda
CREA—Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Michele Canale
CREA—Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Vera Muccilli
Laboratory of Organic Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
Among grain pulses, lupins have recently gained considerable interest for a number of attractive nutritional attributes relating to their high protein and dietary fiber and negligible starch contents. The seeds of Lupinus albus (cv. Multitalia and Luxor, and the Modica ecotype); L. luteus (cv. Dukat, Mister, and Taper); and L. angustifolius (cv. Sonet) analyzed in this study were deposited within the germplasm collection of the Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops of Acireale and were sowed in East Sicily in 2013/14. The collected seeds were analyzed for their multielemental micro- and macronutrient profiles, resulting in a wide variability between genotypes. Lupin seed flour samples were subjected to a defatting process using supercritical CO2, with oil yields dependent on the species and genotype. We determined the fatty acid profile and tocopherol content of the lupin oil samples, finding that the total saturated fatty acid quantities of different samples were very close, and the total tocopherol content was about 1500.00 µg/g FW. The proteomic analysis of the defatted lupin seed flours showed substantial equivalence between the cultivars of the same species of Lupinus albus and L. luteus. Moreover, the L. angustifolius proteome map showed the presence of additional spots in comparison to L. albus, corresponding to α-conglutins. Lupin, in addition to being a good source of mineral elements, also contributes vitamin E and, thanks to the very high content of gamma-tocopherols, demonstrates powerful antioxidant activity.
