Viruses
(Apr 2024)
Sequencing and Analysis of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Whole Genomes Reveals a New Viral Subgroup in West and Central Africa
Ismar R. Haga,
Barbara B. Shih,
Gessica Tore,
Noemi Polo,
Paolo Ribeca,
Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir,
Gansukh Shura,
Tsagaan Tserenchimed,
Bazarragchaa Enkhbold,
Dulam Purevtseren,
Gerelmaa Ulziibat,
Batchuluun Damdinjav,
Lama Yimer,
Fufa D. Bari,
Daniel Gizaw,
Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji,
Rebecca Bitiyong Atai,
Jolly Amoche Adole,
Banenat Bajehson Dogonyaro,
Pradeep Lakpriya Kumarawadu,
Carrie Batten,
Amanda Corla,
Graham L. Freimanis,
Chandana Tennakoon,
Andy Law,
Samantha Lycett,
Tim Downing,
Philippa M. Beard
Affiliations
Ismar R. Haga
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Barbara B. Shih
The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Gessica Tore
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Noemi Polo
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Paolo Ribeca
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Delgerzul Gombo-Ochir
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Gansukh Shura
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Tsagaan Tserenchimed
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Bazarragchaa Enkhbold
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Dulam Purevtseren
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Gerelmaa Ulziibat
Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Ulaanbaatar 17024, Mongolia
Batchuluun Damdinjav
General Authority for Veterinary Service, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry, Ulaanbaatar 13381, Mongolia
Lama Yimer
School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte P.O. Box 395, Ethiopia
Fufa D. Bari
College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 3434, Ethiopia
Daniel Gizaw
Animal Health Institute (AHI), Sebata P.O. Box 04, Ethiopia
Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji
National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930103, Nigeria
Rebecca Bitiyong Atai
National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930103, Nigeria
Jolly Amoche Adole
National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930103, Nigeria
Banenat Bajehson Dogonyaro
National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930103, Nigeria
Pradeep Lakpriya Kumarawadu
Department of Animal Production and Health, Gatambe, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Carrie Batten
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Amanda Corla
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Graham L. Freimanis
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Chandana Tennakoon
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Andy Law
The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Samantha Lycett
The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
Tim Downing
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
Philippa M. Beard
The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16040557
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16,
no. 4
Abstract
Read online
Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a member of the capripoxvirus (CPPV) genus of the Poxviridae family. LSDV is a rapidly emerging, high-consequence pathogen of cattle, recently spreading from Africa and the Middle East into Europe and Asia. We have sequenced the whole genome of historical LSDV isolates from the Pirbright Institute virus archive, and field isolates from recent disease outbreaks in Sri Lanka, Mongolia, Nigeria and Ethiopia. These genome sequences were compared to published genomes and classified into different subgroups. Two subgroups contained vaccine or vaccine-like samples (“Neethling-like” clade 1.1 and “Kenya-like” subgroup, clade 1.2.2). One subgroup was associated with outbreaks of LSD in the Middle East/Europe (clade 1.2.1) and a previously unreported subgroup originated from cases of LSD in west and central Africa (clade 1.2.3). Isolates were also identified that contained a mix of genes from both wildtype and vaccine samples (vaccine-like recombinants, grouped in clade 2). Whole genome sequencing and analysis of LSDV strains isolated from different regions of Africa, Europe and Asia have provided new knowledge of the drivers of LSDV emergence, and will inform future disease control strategies.
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