Comparative Analysis of Fractal Properties of Solar Faculae

Abstract

Present study is aimed at investigating the solar faculae area from 1990 to 2007 which partially covered the 22nd and 23rd solar cycle. Rescaled Range Analysis (RRA) and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) have been adopted to evaluate the behaviour of nonlinear dynamics of solar faculae area. Results show that the value of Hurst exponent for solar faculae area from RRA and DFA is negatively correlated. It means it is non-persistent and long-range correlated. Obtained result is inaccurate so the only solution is to transform the data into stationary data by taking differencing. RRA is applied on residuals and RRA to evaluate the fractal property of the time series. Solar faculae area investigated in this study is fractal in nature and predictable as well. Moreover, the time series of solar faculae area is non-linear as established by the Brock – Dechert – Scheinkman (BDS) test results

Keywords

• fractal dimension
• solar faculae area
• rescaled range analysis
• detrended fluctuation analysis
• bds test and kalman filter