Rapid diagnosis of trisomy 18 of maternal origin by quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction analysis following tissue culture failure for conventional cytogenetic analysis in a fetus with holoprosencephaly, ventricular septal defect, arthrogryposis of bilateral wrists and aplasia of the thumbs

Abstract

Objective: We present rapid diagnosis of trisomy 18 of maternal origin by quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) analysis following tissue culture failure for conventional cytogenetic analysis in a fetus with holoprosencephaly (HPE), ventricular septal defect (VSD), arthrogryposis of bilateral wrists and aplasia of the thumbs. Case report: A 22-year-old, primigravid woman was referred for first-trimester ultrasound screening at 13 weeks of gestation, and the fetus was found to have HPE and VSD. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated at 14 weeks of gestation, and a malformed fetus was delivered with cebocephaly, arthrogryposis of bilateral wrists and aplasia of the thumbs. The umbilical cord and placental tissues were collected for genetic analysis. However, tissue culture failure for conventional cytogenetic analysis occurred because of contamination. QF-PCR analysis using the polymorphic DNA markers of D18S1369 (18q12.2) and D18S1361 (18q22.3) confirmed trisomy 18 of maternal origin. Conclusion: QF-PCR analysis is useful for rapid confirmation of trisomy 18 and the parental origin when tissue culture failure for conventional cytogenetic analysis occurs in pregnancy suspicious of fetal trisomy 18.

Keywords

• Arthrogryposis
• Holoprosencephaly
• Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction
• Trisomy 18
• Ventricular septal defect