Simple 3D printed stainless steel microreactors for online mass spectrometric analysis
Gianmario Scotti,
Sofia M.E. Nilsson,
Ville-Pekka Matilainen,
Markus Haapala,
Gustav Boije af Gennäs,
Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma,
Antti Salminen,
Tapio Kotiaho
Affiliations
Gianmario Scotti
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Corresponding author.
Sofia M.E. Nilsson
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
Ville-Pekka Matilainen
Laser Processing Research Group, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Tuotantokatu 2, FI-53850, Lappeenranta, Finland
Markus Haapala
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
Gustav Boije af Gennäs
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
Antti Salminen
Laser Processing Research Group, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Tuotantokatu 2, FI-53850, Lappeenranta, Finland
Tapio Kotiaho
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland; Corresponding author.
A simple flow chemistry microreactor with an electrospray ionization tip for real time mass spectrometric reaction monitoring is introduced. The microreactor was fabricated by a laser-based additive manufacturing technique from acid-resistant stainless steel 316L. The functionality of the microreactor was investigated by using an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder and subsequent retro Diels-Alder reaction for testing. Challenges and problems encountered are discussed and improvements proposed. Adsorption of reagents to the rough stainless steel channel walls, short length of the reaction channel, and making a proper ESI tip present challenges, but the microreactor is potentially useful as a disposable device.
