Toxins (Feb 2019)

A Novel Phospholipase A2 Isolated from <i>Palythoa caribaeorum</i> Possesses Neurotoxic Activity

  • Miguel Cuevas-Cruz,
  • Fernando Lazcano-Pérez,
  • Ulises Hernández-Guzmán,
  • Karen Helena Díaz de la Vega-Castañeda,
  • Sergio A. Román-González,
  • Norma A. Valdez-Cruz,
  • Benjamín Velasco-Bejarano,
  • Ana Laura Colín-González,
  • Abel Santamaría,
  • Saúl Gómez-Manzo,
  • Jaime Marcial-Quino,
  • Roberto Arreguín-Espinosa

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020089
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 2
p. 89

Abstract

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Zoanthids of the genus Palythoa are distributed worldwide in shallow waters around coral reefs. Like all cnidarians, they possess nematocysts that contain a large diversity of toxins that paralyze their prey. This work was aimed at isolating and functionally characterizing a cnidarian neurotoxic phospholipase named A2-PLTX-Pcb1a for the first time. This phospholipase was isolated from the venomous extract of the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum. This enzyme, which is Ca2+-dependent, is a 149 amino acid residue protein. The analysis of the A2-PLTX-Pcb1a sequence showed neurotoxic domain similitude with other neurotoxic sPLA2´s, but a different catalytic histidine domain. This is remarkable, since A2-PLTX-Pcb1a displays properties like those of other known PLA2 enzymes.

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