Nuclear Materials and Energy (May 2019)

Real time wall conditioning with lithium powder injection in long pulse H-mode plasmas in EAST with tungsten divertor

  • Z. Sun,
  • R. Maingi,
  • J.S. Hu,
  • W. Xu,
  • G.Z. Zuo,
  • Y.W. Yu,
  • C.R. Wu,
  • M. Huang,
  • X.C. Meng,
  • L. Zhang,
  • L. Wang,
  • S.T. Mao,
  • F. Ding,
  • D.K. Mansfield,
  • J. Canik,
  • R. Lunsford,
  • A. Bortolon,
  • X.Z. Gong

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 19
pp. 124 – 130

Abstract

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Real-time lithium powder injection has been applied to long-pulse (>30 s) H-mode plasmas in EAST. This replenishes the active lithium surface that is routinely consumed by plasma-wall interactions. The real-time injection of Li powder into long H-mode discharges effectively suppresses impurity influx and controls recycling on EAST, with an ITER-like tungsten upper divertor. With lithium powder injection, the concentrations W, Mo, and C were reduced by 50% compared to ELMy H-mode discharges. During lithium injection, two effects play a role in the suppression of impurities influx: a reduced divertor temperature and heat flux and hence reduced erosion, and impurity trapping via deposition of a Li film onto plasma-facing surfaces. The ‘fresh’ injected lithium replenishes the film deposited during daily morning evaporation, restoring the wall's pumping capability. Thus, a measurable reduction in the global recycling coefficient was observed. Keyword: Long pulse plasma, Lithium, Impurity, Recycling