Stiinta Agricola (Jun 2019)
Урожайность и качество зерна сои в зависимости от сроков посева и температуры почвы
Abstract
The aim of our research was to analyze the influence of the properties of varieties, sowing dates and soil temperature on the field germination of seeds, the survival of soybean plants, the formation of yield and yield components (number of grains and seeds per plant and seed weight per plant), as well as to determine the quality indicators of soybean grain (thousand-seed weight, the amount of protein and oil). Seeds of three varieties (Vorskla, Angelica and Agat) were sown at the soil temperatures of 6, 8, 10 и 120С. On the average over three years of research (2016-2018) soil temperature significantly influenced on the course of all developmental stages and on the duration of the vegetative period of all varieties. A clear tendency was found toward increasing field emergence rate, crop yield and productivity, as soil temperature at time of sowing became warmer. In all varieties the maximum values for these parameters were established in the variants that sowing was carried out at the soil temperature of 10 и 120С. A similar trend was observed for grain quality parameters excepting oil content. An inverse dependence was found between protein content and oil content in grain.
