Does rumination moderate the effect of attention bias modification for depressive symptoms?

Abstract

Background: Current treatment of major depressive disorders still leave many patients with modest improvement. Attention Bias Modification (ABM) is an approach that may serve as an adjuvant therapy for subgroups of patients. We examined whether rumination, often found to be associated with a negative attentional bias, acts as a moderating variable in a computerized ABM procedure in participants with recurrent depression. Methods: A total of 301 patients were randomized to receive either active - or sham ABM twice daily for 14 days. A regression-based moderator analysis was applied to evaluate whether baseline brooding, from the Rumination Response Scale (RRS-B), moderated the effect of ABM on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Results: There was no significant interaction effect of ABM and RRS-B on HDRS or BDI-II at post-intervention or at 1 month follow-up. In addition, no correlation was found for pre-training attention bias and RRS-B. Limitations: : Generalizability is limited to individuals with non-clinical symptom scores. Conclusions: There was no moderator effect of brooding rumination on clinical depression scales in the largest clinical study on ABM to date.

Keywords

• Attention bias modification
• Depression
• Rumination
• Brooding