Prevalence of Microalbuminuria and Dyslipidemia in Polycystic Ovarian Disease Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is the most common hormonal disorder in women. PCOD is associated with an increase in subclinical atherosclerotic disease and endothelial dysfunction. The altered endothelial function and early endothelial damage can be assessed by Urinary Albumin Excretion (UAE), a marker of an atherogenic background. Dyslipidaemia is a very common metabolic abnormality in women with PCOD due to elevated androgen level and insulin resistance. As evidenced from previous studies PCOD patients are at an increased cardiovascular risk compared with the age matched controls. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria and dyslipidaemia in premenopausal PCOD patients compared to normal premenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out at Department of Biochemistry, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital Puducherry, India. A total of 40 diagnosed PCOD patients (according to Rotterdam criteria) of premenopausal age (21 to 42 years) and 40 age and sex matched controls (22 to 43 years) without PCOD were included in the study. All subjects had undergone measurement of height, weight and Blood Pressure (BP), and detailed systemic examination. Fasting plasma glucose, serum cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), and High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDLc) were estimated by using commercially available kits in automated Chemistry Analyser (ChemWell). Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDLc) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDLc) were calculated by Friedwald’s equation. Urine microalbumin was estimated by Latex turbidimetry method using semi Autoanalyser BIOTRON BTR830. Urine creatinine was estimated by commercial kit in Autoanalyser. Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (ACR) value more than 30 mg/g was taken as microalbuminuria positive. Student’s t-test and SPSS version 16.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 40 PCOD patients 21 patients were having microalbuminuria and out of 40 controls only two were having microalbuminuria. Routine biochemical investigations registered a significant rise of fasting plasma glucose, TG, TC, LDLc and VLDLc in PCOD patients, incomparison with controls (p=0.02 for LDLc and p<0.001 for all otherparameters). Significant alterations in lipid parameters showed association of dyslipidaemia in PCOD patients. Conclusion: In the present study prevalence of microalbuminuria and dyslipidaemia are more in patients with polycystic ovary disease than age matched controls so these parameters can be frequently estimated to prevent complications in PCOD patients.

Keywords

• androgen
• hyperlipidemia
• premenopausal age
• urine microalbumin