Tyragetia (Dec 2019)
К типологии каменных отбойников из нео-энеолитических мастерских Донбасса / On the typology of hammerstones from Neo-Eneolithic workshops of Donbass
Abstract
There is a significant number of the Neolithic and Eneolithic workshops for flint processing on the territory of the northwestern Donbass. The stone collections of these workshops are hammerstones made of the same material as the blanks of the manufactured nuclei and tools. Hammerstones were not transported outside the workshops, and they accumulated in a significant amount. This article analyzes a sample of 334 artifacts of this functional class. Such criteria as “shape”, “dimensions”, and “weight” were used to group the products. Of statistical significance are clusters included spherical hammerstones weighing 200-350 gr, and sizes up to 5-8 cm in length. The same position is occupied by spherical-cuboid hammerstones that were purposely treated with rough chips. Spherical-cuboid hammerstones were made with the use of larger flint nodules, and reflect the process of calibrating the products to specific weight and size standards. These two varieties of hammerstones make up the typological core of workshops for primary flint knapping. The depreciation zones of hammerstones are worked out moderately, not exceedingly. Practically all of them preserved the areas of the natural surface of nodules. Hammerstones from assemplages associated with the sites of this period have different characteristics.
