Frontiers in Nutrition (Aug 2022)

Association of time of breakfast and nighttime fasting duration with breast cancer risk in the multicase-control study in Spain

  • Anna Palomar-Cros,
  • Anna Palomar-Cros,
  • Barbara N. Harding,
  • Ana Espinosa,
  • Ana Espinosa,
  • Ana Espinosa,
  • Ana Espinosa,
  • Kyriaki Papantoniou,
  • Beatriz Pérez-Gómez,
  • Beatriz Pérez-Gómez,
  • Kurt Straif,
  • Kurt Straif,
  • Eva Ardanaz,
  • Eva Ardanaz,
  • Eva Ardanaz,
  • Tania Fernández Villa,
  • Tania Fernández Villa,
  • Pilar Amiano,
  • Pilar Amiano,
  • Pilar Amiano,
  • Inés Gómez-Acebo,
  • Inés Gómez-Acebo,
  • Victor Moreno,
  • Victor Moreno,
  • Victor Moreno,
  • Victor Moreno,
  • Juan Alguacil,
  • Juan Alguacil,
  • Guillermo Fernández-Tardón,
  • Guillermo Fernández-Tardón,
  • Guillermo Fernández-Tardón,
  • Ana Molina-Barceló,
  • Rafael Marcos-Gragera,
  • Rafael Marcos-Gragera,
  • Nuria Aragonés,
  • Nuria Aragonés,
  • Gemma Castaño-Vinyals,
  • Gemma Castaño-Vinyals,
  • Gemma Castaño-Vinyals,
  • Gemma Castaño-Vinyals,
  • Marcela Guevara,
  • Marcela Guevara,
  • Marcela Guevara,
  • Alba Marcos Delgado,
  • Marina Pollán,
  • Marina Pollán,
  • Dora Romaguera,
  • Dora Romaguera,
  • Dora Romaguera,
  • Manolis Kogevinas,
  • Manolis Kogevinas,
  • Manolis Kogevinas,
  • Manolis Kogevinas

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.941477
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9

Abstract

Read online

Circadian nutritional behaviors, defined by the daily eating/fasting cycle, have been linked with breast cancer. This study aimed to further disentangle the association of nighttime fasting duration and time of breakfast with breast cancer risk. We analyzed data from 1,181 breast cancer cases and 1,326 population controls from the Spanish multicase-control study (MCC-Spain), 2008–2013. We collected circadian nutritional behaviors at mid-age via a telephonic interview. We applied logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of nighttime fasting duration and time of breakfast with breast cancer risk in all women and stratified by menopausal status. Models were adjusted for age, center, education, family history of breast cancer, age at menarche, number of children, breastfeeding, age at first child, body mass index (BMI), contraceptive use, and hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). A later time of breakfast was associated with a non-significant increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95–1.16, per hour increase). This association was stronger among premenopausal women, among whom each hour later, the time of breakfast was associated with an 18% increase in breast cancer risk (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01–1.40). The association was not observed in postmenopausal women. We did not observe an association between nighttime fasting duration and breast cancer risk after adjusting for the time of breakfast. In this study, late breakfast was associated with increased breast cancer risk, especially among premenopausal women, compared with early breakfast. Aside from nutritional quality, circadian nutritional behaviors should be further studied in relation to cancer.

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