Determination of Region of Influence Obtained by Aircraft Vertical Profiles Using the Density of Trajectories from the HYSPLIT Model
Henrique L. G. Cassol,
Lucas G. Domingues,
Alber H. Sanchez,
Luana S. Basso,
Luciano Marani,
Graciela Tejada,
Egidio Arai,
Caio Correia,
Caroline B. Alden,
John B. Miller,
Manuel Gloor,
Liana O. Anderson,
Luiz E. O. C. Aragão,
Luciana V. Gatti
Affiliations
Henrique L. G. Cassol
Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Lucas G. Domingues
National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand
Alber H. Sanchez
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Luana S. Basso
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Luciano Marani
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Graciela Tejada
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Egidio Arai
Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Caio Correia
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Caroline B. Alden
CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
John B. Miller
NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Manuel Gloor
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 2JT, UK
Liana O. Anderson
National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters—Cemaden, Estrada Doutor Altino Bondesan, 500—Distrito de Eugênio de Melo, São José dos Campos 12.247-016, Brazil
Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Luciana V. Gatti
Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, São José dos Campos 12.227-010, Brazil
Aircraft atmospheric profiling is a valuable technique for determining greenhouse gas fluxes at regional scales (104–106 km2). Here, we describe a new, simple method for estimating the surface influence of air samples that uses backward trajectories based on the Lagrangian model Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT). We determined “regions of influence” on a quarterly basis between 2010 and 2018 for four aircraft vertical profile sites: SAN and ALF in the eastern Amazon, and RBA and TAB or TEF in the western Amazon. We evaluated regions of influence in terms of their relative sensitivity to areas inside and outside the Amazon and their total area inside the Amazon. Regions of influence varied by quarter and less so by year. In the first and fourth quarters, the contribution of the region of influence inside the Amazon was 83–93% for all sites, while in the second and third quarters, it was 57–75%. The interquarter differences are more evident in the eastern than in the western Amazon. Our analysis indicates that atmospheric profiles from the western sites are sensitive to 42–52.2% of the Amazon. In contrast, eastern Amazon sites are sensitive to only 10.9–25.3%. These results may help to spatially resolve the response of greenhouse gas emissions to climate variability over Amazon.
