Speech and language investigation of the elderly in a home nursing program

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the number of dysphagic patients attendingthe Center of Interdisciplinary Home Care, to define dysphagia grade andinvestigate the cognitive skills of such patients. Methods: We analyzedthe medical charts of 153 patients in treatment. We assessed the numberof dysphagic patients and their severity according to the DysphagiaOutcome and Severity Scale (DOSS). Cognitive skills were based onthe CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating). Results: The mean age of patientswas 76 years. Out of the total, 29% underwent speech and languageassessment: 64% had dysphagia and 52% had language impairment. Asto dysphagia, 32% had functional dysphagia, 32% mild dysphagia, 18%mild to moderate dysphagia, and 18% moderate to severe dysphagia.As to cognitive skills, 64% presented memory, orientation and judgmentimpairment. Conclusion: The high percentage of dysphagic patientswith language and cognitive impairment led us to realize the need forpreventative actions to preserve functionality with the participation offamily members and caregivers.

Keywords

• Deglutition disorders
• Cognition
• Communication
• Elderly
• Home nursing