Complex mechanisms linking neurocognitive dysfunction to insulin resistance and other metabolic dysfunction [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
Luke E. Stoeckel,
Zoe Arvanitakis,
Sam Gandy,
Dana Small,
C. Ronald Kahn,
Alvaro Pascual-Leone,
Aaron Pawlyk,
Robert Sherwin,
Philip Smith
Affiliations
Luke E. Stoeckel
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Zoe Arvanitakis
Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Sam Gandy
Icahn School of Medicine and James J. Peters VAMC, New York, NY, USA
Dana Small
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
C. Ronald Kahn
Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Division for Cognitive Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Aaron Pawlyk
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Robert Sherwin
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
Philip Smith
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Scientific evidence has established several links between metabolic and neurocognitive dysfunction, and epidemiologic evidence has revealed an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia in patients with diabetes. In July 2015, the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases gathered experts from multiple clinical and scientific disciplines, in a workshop entitled “The Intersection of Metabolic and Neurocognitive Dysfunction”, to clarify the state-of-the-science on the mechanisms linking metabolic dysfunction, and insulin resistance and diabetes in particular, to neurocognitive impairment and dementia. This perspective is intended to serve as a summary of the opinions expressed at this meeting, which focused on identifying gaps and opportunities to advance research in this emerging area with important public health relevance.
