中西医结合护理 (Jul 2023)
Effect of cognitive impairment assessment on the incidence of hypoglycemia in hospitalized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (认知障碍评估对老年2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生率的影响)
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of cognitive impairment assessment on the incidence of hypoglycemia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods Clinical data of 175 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of Geriatrics and Endocrinology from January 2022 to August 2022 were selected. Patients in the Department of Geriatrics were set as the experimental group (n=87 cases), and patients in the Department of Endocrinology were set as the routine group (n=88 cases). The cognitive function of patients in the experimental group was comprehensively assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Impairment Assessment Scale (MoCA) after admission, and personalized blood glucose management intervention was given according to the cognitive function of patients. Patients in the conventional group were not evaluated for cognitive impairment after admission, and blood glucose management was performed according to the conventional management method. The incidence of hypoglycemia and the changes of blood sugar in two groups were observed. Results There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0. 05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0. 01). In the experimental group, the awareness rate of hypoglycemia management knowledge in patients with normal cognitive function was significantly higher than that in patients with cognitive dysfunction, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0. 01). Conclusion Cognitive impairment may affect patients' recognition of hypoglycemia. Cognitive impairment assessment can effectively understand patients' cognitive function, and can provide basis for nursing staff to conduct targeted intervention in high-risk groups to reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia in patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application. (目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者认知障碍评估对低血糖发生率的影响。方法 采用类实验研究, 选取2022年1月—8月医院老年病科和内分泌科收治的175例老年2型糖尿病患者临床资料, 将老年病科患者设为研究组(n=87例), 内分泌科患者设为常规组(n=88例)。研究组患者入院后采用蒙特利尔认知障碍评估量表(MoCA)综合评估患者认识功能, 并根据患者认识功能给予个性化血糖管理干预。常规组患者入院后未进行认知障碍评估, 按常规管理方法进行血糖管理。观察两组患者低血糖发生率及血糖变化情况。结果 两组患者基线资料比较, 差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。研究组低血糖发生率低于常规组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01), 研究组中认知功能正常患者低血糖管理知识知晓率高于认知功能障碍的患者, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 认知障碍影响患者对低血糖的识别, 认知障碍评估能有效了解患者认知功能, 可为护理人员对高危人群进行针对性干预, 减少患者低血糖发生提供依据。)
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