Emerging Infectious Diseases (Dec 2018)

Prevalence of Avian Influenza A(H5) and A(H9) Viruses in Live Bird Markets, Bangladesh

  • Younjung Kim,
  • Paritosh K. Biswas,
  • Mohammad Giasuddin,
  • Mahmudul Hasan,
  • Rashed Mahmud,
  • Yu-Mei Chang,
  • Steve Essen,
  • Mohammed A. Samad,
  • Nicola S. Lewis,
  • Ian H. Brown,
  • Natalie Moyen,
  • Md. Ahasanul Hoque,
  • Nitish C. Debnath,
  • Dirk U. Pfeiffer,
  • Guillaume Fournié

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2412.180879
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 24, no. 12
pp. 2309 – 2316

Abstract

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We conducted a cross-sectional study in live bird markets (LBMs) in Dhaka and Chittagong, Bangladesh, to estimate the prevalence of avian influenza A(H5) and A(H9) viruses in different types of poultry and environmental areas by using Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression models. We detected these viruses in nearly all LBMs. Prevalence of A(H5) virus was higher in waterfowl than in chickens, whereas prevalence of A(H9) virus was higher in chickens than in waterfowl and, among chicken types, in industrial broilers than in cross-breeds and indigenous breeds. LBMs with >1 wholesaler were more frequently contaminated by A(H5) virus than retail-only LBMs. Prevalence of A(H9) virus in poultry and level of environmental contamination were also higher in LBMs with >1 wholesaler. We found a high level of circulation of both avian influenza viruses in surveyed LBMs. Prevalence was influenced by type of poultry, environmental site, and trading.

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