Chemical Constituents of the Deep-Sea-Derived <i>Penicillium citreonigrum</i> MCCC 3A00169 and Their Antiproliferative Effects

Abstract

Six new citreoviridins (citreoviridins J–O, 1–6) and twenty-two known compounds (7–28) were isolated from the deep-sea-derived Penicillium citreonigrum MCCC 3A00169. The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including the HRESIMS, NMR, ECD calculations, and dimolybdenum tetraacetate-induced CD (ICD) experiments. Citreoviridins J−O (1–6) are diastereomers of 6,7-epoxycitreoviridin with different chiral centers at C-2–C-7. Pyrenocine A (7), terrein (14), and citreoviridin (20) significantly induced apoptosis for HeLa cells with IC50 values of 5.4 μM, 11.3 μM, and 0.7 μM, respectively. To be specific, pyrenocine A could induce S phase arrest, while terrein and citreoviridin could obviously induce G0-G1 phase arrest. Citreoviridin could inhibit mTOR activity in HeLa cells.

Keywords

• deep-sea
• fungus
• <i>Penicillium solitum</i>
• anti-tumor
• apoptosis