THE BURDEN OF CARDIO-METABOLIC DISORDERS AND PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LIVER TRANSPLANT: A POPULATION-BASED RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Therapeutic Area: Other: Cardiometabolic risk factors in transplant population Background: Cardio-metabolic disorders (CMBD) include a spectrum of diseases including hypertension, diabetes hyperlipidemia and obesity. In this study, we aim to investigate the burden of CMBD in patients undergoing LT and to identify any predictors of mortality. Methods: In this study, we utilized the National Inpatient Database, spanning the years 2016 to 2021, to identify patients diagnosed with liver transplantation. We meticulously excluded cases involving other forms of transplantation by applying specific ICD-10 codes. Our analysis involved a comparative stratification of patients based on the presence of cardiovascular comorbidities among those who had undergone liver transplantation and those who had not. Continuous variables were analyzed using the t-test, while categorical variables were examined through Pearson's chi-square test. Initial analysis employed univariate logistic regression to identify significant predictors, which were subsequently analyzed using a multivariate mixed-effect logistic regression model to adjust for potential confounders and assess the impact of cardiovascular comorbidities on patient outcomes post-liver transplantation. Results: 69.6% of LT patients had hypertension and 44% had complicated hypertension. 13.6% had uncomplicated diabetes and 35% had complicated diabetes. 25.4 % of patients had dyslipidemia and 13.7% of patients were obese. 73% were Caucasian and 14.3% were Hispanic. 39.3% were females. 2.4% of LT patients died during hospitalisation. 5.3% had major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. 0.5 % developed cardiogenic shock and 0.2 % had to be on mechanical circulatory support. 17.9% had heart failure. 2.3 & and 23.3% developed MIs and cardiac arrhythmias respectively. 0.7% developed acute stroke and 0.3% developed venous thromboembolism. Conclusions: Renal failure, diabetes, and hypertension were the most common CMBD in patients undergoing LT. Cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure were the most common complications. No CMBD had significant association with mortality.