Development of Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Post-Column Fluorescent Derivatization for the Rapid Detection of Saxitoxin Analogues and Analysis of Bivalve Monitoring Samples
Ryuichi Watanabe,
Makoto Kanamori,
Hidetsugu Yoshida,
Yutaka Okumura,
Hajime Uchida,
Ryoji Matsushima,
Hiroshi Oikawa,
Toshiyuki Suzuki
Affiliations
Ryuichi Watanabe
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Makoto Kanamori
Hakodate Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Benten-cho 20-5, Hakodate, Hokkaido 040-0051, Japan
Hidetsugu Yoshida
Hakodate Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Benten-cho 20-5, Hakodate, Hokkaido 040-0051, Japan
Yutaka Okumura
Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Shinhama-cho 3-27-5, Shiogama, Miyagi 985-0001, Japan
Hajime Uchida
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Ryoji Matsushima
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Hiroshi Oikawa
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Toshiyuki Suzuki
National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fukuura 2-12-4, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8648, Japan
Saxitoxin (STX) and its analogues produced by toxic dinoflagellates accumulate in bivalves, and routine monitoring of bivalves is important to prevent cases of human poisoning. In this study, we describe a rapid detection method for the analysis of STXs using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with post-column fluorescent detection and to investigate water depths and sampling points optimal for shellfish toxin monitoring. Cultured scallops (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) and mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from various water depths and sampling points were used in this study. Irrespective of bivalve species, toxin concentrations in bivalves were lower at deeper water depths. The toxin concentrations of bivalves did not differ greatly when bivalves were collected from the same bay. Although the levels of contamination of bivalves with STXs can depend on various environmental and geographical factors, our findings are useful for formulating a sampling protocol for the prevention of harvesting contaminated shellfish.